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The Tomb of Payava is a Lycian tall rectangular free-standing barrel-vaulted stone sarcophagus built for Payava who was probably the ruler of Xanthos, Lycia (now Günük, Turkey) in around 360 BC. The tomb was discovered in 1838 and brought to England in 1844 by the explorer Sir Charles Fellows. He described it as a 'Gothic-formed Horse Tomb'.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The tomb of Payava, a Lykian aristocrat )〕 Payava, who is named in the inscriptions, is only known from this tomb. The tomb is a particularly fine example of a common Lycian style, carved from stone but accurately depicting a wooden structure. The carved friezes on the tomb and its roof contain Greek and Persian features, showing the mix of influences in Xanthos at that time and show: *Two long-haired and bearded men clothed in cuirasses and cloaks, one of whom may be Payava (South side). *An athlete and companion dressed in a Greek style (North side). *A seated figure, in Persian dress receiving a delegation. Possibly the satrap Autophradates receiving Payava (West side).〔 *Battle of cavalry and foot soldiers (East side and Upper frieze). *A bear being hunted (Upper frieze). *Lions (Roof). *Sphinxes (Pediments). *Four horses pulling a Greek chariot (Roof). *A Persian couple (Gable ends). Three of the four tiers of the tomb are currently housed in the British Museum where they dominate the centre of room 20, the lowest tier was left in Turkey and is in a poor state. Displayed with the tomb are other Greek and Lycian objects from 400–325 BC. ==References== *British Museum information board in room 20 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tomb of Payava」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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